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By Bojanna Shantheyanda, Sreya Dutta, Kevin Coscia and David SchiemerDynalene, Inc. Fluid cooling, which can be achieved using indirect or straight means, is used in electronics applications having thermal power densities that may surpass safe dissipation via air cooling. Indirect liquid cooling is where warmth dissipating digital parts are literally divided from the liquid coolant, whereas in situation of direct air conditioning, the components remain in straight call with the coolant.


In indirect cooling applications the electric conductivity can be vital if there are leakages and/or splilling of the fluids onto the electronics. In the indirect air conditioning applications where water based liquids with rust preventions are typically utilized, the electrical conductivity of the liquid coolant generally depends upon the ion concentration in the fluid stream.


The boost in the ion concentration in a shut loophole liquid stream might happen because of ion seeping from metals and nonmetal components that the coolant liquid touches with. During procedure, the electrical conductivity of the liquid may enhance to a level which can be unsafe for the air conditioning system.

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(https://chemie999.wordpress.com/2025/01/10/discover-chemies-innovative-heat-transfer-solutions/)They are bead like polymers that are capable of exchanging ions with ions in a solution that it touches with. In the here and now job, ion leaching tests were performed with different metals and polymers in both ultrapure deionized (DI) water, i.e. water which is treated to the highest degrees of purity, and low electric conductive ethylene glycol/water mix, with the measured adjustment in conductivity reported in time.


The samples were allowed to equilibrate at room temperature level for two days prior to recording the first electrical conductivity. In all examinations reported in this research fluid electric conductivity was measured to a precision of 1% using an Oakton disadvantage 510/CON 6 series meter which was adjusted prior to each dimension.

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from the wall surface home heating coils to the center of the heating system. The PTFE sample containers were placed in the furnace when stable state temperatures were reached. The test configuration was removed from the heating system every 168 hours (seven days), cooled to space temperature with the electric conductivity of the fluid gauged.


The electrical conductivity of the fluid sample was monitored for a total of 5000 hours (208 days). Schematic of the indirect closed loophole cooling down experiment set up. Parts utilized in the indirect closed loop cooling experiment that are in contact with the fluid coolant.


Prior to beginning each experiment, the examination configuration was rinsed with UP-H2O several times to get rid of any type of impurities. The system was filled with 230 ml of UP-H2O and was allowed to equilibrate at room temperature level for an hour prior to recording the first electric conductivity, which was 1.72 S/cm. Fluid electric conductivity was gauged to an accuracy of 1%.

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The change in fluid electrical conductivity was kept track of for 136 hours. The liquid from the system was collected and stored.


Table 2. Test matrix for both ion leaching and indirect closed loop cooling experiments. Table 2 shows the examination matrix that was utilized for both ion leaching and shut loophole indirect air conditioning experiments. The adjustment in electric conductivity of the fluid samples when stirred with Dowex combined bed ion exchange material was measured.


0.1 g of Dowex material was contributed to 100g of fluid examples that was absorbed a separate container. The mix was mixed and change in the electric conductivity at room temperature was determined every hour. The measured change in the electrical conductivity of the UP-H2O and EG-LC test liquids having polymer or steel when immersed for 5,000 hours at 80C is shown Number 3.

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Figure 3. Ion leaching experiment: Measured change in electrical conductivity of water and EG-LC coolants having either polymer or metal examples when immersed for 5,000 hours at 80C. The results show that steels contributed less ions right into the fluids than plastics in both UP-H2O and EG-LC based coolants. This could be because of a slim metal oxide layer which might act as a barrier to ion leaching and cationic diffusion.




Liquids consisting of polypropylene and HDPE displayed the most affordable electric conductivity modifications. This could be due to the short, stiff, direct chains which are less likely to contribute basics ions than longer branched chains with weak intermolecular pressures. Silicone likewise did well in both examination fluids, as polysiloxanes are generally chemically inert as a result of the high bond power of the silicon-oxygen bond which would certainly stop deterioration of the product into the liquid.

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It would be anticipated that PVC would certainly create similar outcomes to those of PTFE and HDPE based upon the comparable chemical frameworks of the products, nevertheless there might be other pollutants existing in the PVC, such as plasticizers, that might influence the electrical conductivity of the liquid - meg glycol. In addition, chloride groups in PVC can also leach into the examination liquid and can create a boost in electrical conductivity


Polyurethane entirely broke down right into the examination liquid by the end of 5000 hour examination. Before and after images of metal and polymer examples immersed for 5,000 hours at 80C in the ion leaching experiment.


Measured change in the electrical conductivity of UP-H2O coolant as a function of time with and without resin cartridge in the shut indirect cooling loop experiment. The determined change in electrical conductivity of the UP-H2O for 136 hours with and without ion exchange resin in the loop is displayed in Figure 5.

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